Fig. 3: Trodusquemine reduces the membrane binding affinity of Aβ40 oligomers to cultured human neuroblastoma cells.

Representative confocal scanning microscopy images of the apical sections of SH-SY5Y cells treated for 15 min at 37 °C with Aβ40 oligomers (5 µM) in the absence (black) and presence of 10:1, 3:1, and 1:1 ratios of Aβ40 to trodusquemine (light to dark red). Red and green fluorescence indicates the cell membranes and the oligomers, respectively. The percentage of colocalization between membranes and Aβ40 oligomers are shown. In all, 50–60 cells were analyzed per condition. Bars indicate the mean ± s.e.m. of n = 3 biologically independent experiments (dots). Statistical analyses were carried out by one-way ANOVA relative to cells treated with oligomers in the absence of trodusquemine. Scale bars, 10 µm.