Fig. 10: Teratoma formation, targeted in vitro differentiation, and chromosomal stability of bioreactor-cultured, naïve and primed hPSCs.

a Teratomas generated after the injection of naïve and primed H9 hPSCs subcutaneously into the hind legs of CB17 SCID mice. Representative images for each germ layer are shown. Scale bars = 100 µm. b Representative confocal images are shown for cardiomyocytes (immuno-stained for TNNT2), hepatocytes (immuno-stained for HNF4α), and neural rosettes (immuno-stained for PAX6) differentiated from bioreactor-cultured, naïve H1 hPSCs. Scale bars = 10 µm and 50 µm. c Representative karyotypes of bioreactor-cultured, naïve and primed H1 hPSCs following recovery on static condition compared to their original statically cultured cells, analyzed via spectral karyotyping. Tables summarizing the karyotype analyses (SKY) for structural chromosomal aberrations in naïve and primed hPSCs are shown. The aggregates of day 4 post-inoculation were used for teratoma formation, targeted in vitro differentiation, and karyotype analysis for both naïve and primed hPSC samples. All the cultures underwent fed-batch condition (60% media change, 48-h post-inoculation) for bioreactor cultures. The data presented are generated from an inoculation density of 50,000 cells/mL.