Fig. 1: Schematics of two carbon acquisition strategies in marine algae.

a Transmembrane HCO3− is catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase (CA). b Transmembrane HCO3− is catalyzed by CA and the C4 pathway (RuBP 1,2-ribulose diphosphate, 3-PGA 3-phosphoglyceric acid, pCA periplasmic (extra-cellular) CA, iCA intra-cellular CA, PEPCase phosphoenopyruvate carboxylase, PEPCKase phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase, PPDKase pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase, OAA oxaloacetic acid, PEP phosphoenolpyruvic acid, PYR pyruvic acid).