Table 3 Results of codeml analyses of adaptive evolution across ACE2 gene sequences.

From: Comparative ACE2 variation and primate COVID-19 risk

Model

Foreground branch

ω

Proportion of sites

LRT

p

Positively selected sitesa,b

Clade C

N/A

ω0 = 0.059, ω1 = 1.000, ω2 = 0.081, ω3 = 1.123, ω4 = 0.236, ω5 = 1.346

p0 = 0.581, p1 = 0.331, p2-5 = 0.089

26.726

<0.001

N/A

Branch-site

Platyrrhines

Background: ω0 = 0.076, ω1 = 1.000, ω2a = 0.076, ω2b = 1.000

Foreground: ω0 = 0.076, ω1 = 1.000, ω2a = 6.218, ω2b = 6.218

p0 = 0.638, p1 = 0.359, p2a = 0.002, p2b = 0.001

0.633

0.427

None

Catarrhines

Background: ω0 = 0.075, ω1 = 1.000, ω2a = 0.075, ω2b = 1.000

Foreground: ω0 = 0.075, ω1 = 1.000, ω2a = 8.988, ω2b = 8.988

p0 = 0.631, p1 = 0.356, p2a = 0.009, p2b = 0.005

14.546

0.0001

249M (0.962*), 653A (0.958*), 658V (0.957*)

Strepsirrhines

Background: ω0 = 0.072, ω1 = 1.000, ω2a = 0.072, ω2b = 1.000

Foreground: ω0 = 0.072, ω1 = 1.000, ω2a = 1.384, ω2b = 1.384

p0 = 0.607, p1 = 0.316, p2a = 0.051, p2b = 0.027

0.833

0.361

None

Bats

Background: ω0 = 0.075, ω1 = 1.000, ω2a = 0.075, ω2b = 1.000

Foreground: ω0 = 0.075, ω1 = 1.000, ω2a = 10.535, ω2b = 10.535

p0 = 0.626, p1 = 0.338, p2a = 0.024, p2b = 0.013

42.649

<0.001

24Q (0.998**), 31E (0.959*), 35E (0.974*), 298V (0.959*), 568L (0.998**), 575G (0.965*)

  1. aSites with posterior probability >0.95 are shown.
  2. bThe amino acid shown reflects the residue present at the site in the first sequence of the alignment (Alouatta palliata).
  3. *Sites with posterior probability 0.95-0.99 are denoted.
  4. **Sites >0.99 are denoted.