Fig. 4: Quantitation of proteins involved in UPRER and apoptosis.

a–c Western blotting of GRP78 and PERK (a) and Co-IP of GRP78 and PERK (b), relative amount of proteins and relative ratio of input and output PERK/GRP78 (c) are shown in boxplot charts. d Immunofluorescence images of GRP78 (in red) and nuclei (in blue), merged images, and phase-contrast images (scale bars: 20 μm). e Western blotting of EIF2α, p-EIF2α (Ser52), p-EIF2α (Ser49), and ATF4. f, g Western blotting of Bcl-2 and Bax (f) and Erk1/2 and p-Erk1/2 (g). Relative amount of proteins and relative ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, p-EIF2α (Ser52)/EIF2α, p-EIF2α (Ser49)/EIF2α, and p-Erk1/2 to Erk1/2 are shown in boxplot charts. T, A, Cn, F, and Co represent samples of torpid bats, active bats, control mice, fasted mice, and cold-treated mice, respectively. Box plots represent minimum, 25th, median (horizontal line), 75th, and maximum percentile, *P < 0.05. Three individuals (n = 3) from each bat group and four individuals (n = 4) from each mouse group were examined. Uncropped images are shown in Supplementary Fig. 8.