Table 2 Antimicrobial activity and cellular toxicity.
Isolate | Peptide concentration (µg/ml) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pleurocidin | d-pleurocidin | Pleurocidin-KR | d-pleurocidin-KR | Pleurocidin-VA | d-pleurocidin-VA | |
Gram-negative | ||||||
Klebsiella pneumoniae NCTC 13368 | 4–8 (32) | 4 (8–16) | 2–4 (32) | 2 (4) | 4–8 (32) | 8 (32) |
Klebsiella pneumoniae M6 | 4 (32) | 4 (4–8) | 2 (32) | 2 (4) | 4–8 (32) | 4 (32) |
Acinetobacter baumannii AYE | 1–2 (4–8) | 1 (2) | 1–2 (8–16) | 2 (2) | 2 (16) | 1 (8–32) |
Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978 | 1–2 (8) | 1 (8) | 1 (8) | 2 (4) | 1–2 (32) | 1 (16) |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 | 64 (>32) | 2 (16) | 4 (>32) | 4 (16) | 16–32 (>32) | 4 (32) |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 13437 | 16–32 (>32) | 8 (16–32) | 8 (>32) | 4 (16) | 32 (>32) | 32 (>32) |
Escherichia coli NCTC 12923 | 1–2 (16) | 1 (2–4) | 1 (16) | 1 (2) | 1 (32) | 1 (8) |
Gram-positive | ||||||
MS Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 9144 | 4 (2) | 2 (0.5) | 2 (4) | 2 (0.25–0.5) | 8 (32) | 4 (8) |
EMR Staphylococcus aureus-15 NCTC 13616 | 16 (4) | 16 (1) | 4 (4) | 2 (0.5) | 64 (32) | 32 (8) |
EMR Staphylococcus aureus-16 NCTC 13277 | 16 (4) | 16 (1) | 4 (8) | 4 (1) | 64–128 (>32) | 64 (32) |
VS Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 775 | 64 (NG) | 32 (NG) | 16 (NG) | 8 (NG) | 64–128 (NG) | 64 (NG) |
VR Enterococcus faecium NCTC 12204 | 16–32 (32) | 16 (4) | 4 (16) | 2 (2) | 32–64 (32) | 16 (32–64) |
Toxicity | ||||||
HEK293 | (87.5 ± 11.1) | (61.4 ± 3.9) | (40.1 ± 4.1) | (36.4 ± 4.3) | (~400) | (217.3 ± 46.5) |
HeLa | (58.2 ± 3.9) | (47.1 ± 2.1) | (30.7 ± 2.6) | (25.3 ± 2.2) | (>400) | (198.2 ± 10.2) |
A549 | n.d. | (79.3 ± 7.2) | n.d. | (56.5 ± 4.5) | n.d. | (>250) |
Calu-3 | n.d. | (41.9 ± 1.8) | n.d. | (39.1 ± 1.8) | n.d. | (>250) |
SI | ||||||
HEK293 /EMRSA-15 | 5.5 (21.9) | 3.8 (61.4) | 10.0 (10.0) | 18.2 (72.8) | 6.25 (12.5) | 6.8 (27.2) |
A549/EMRSA-15 | n.d. | 5.0 (79.3) | n.d. | 28.3 (113.0) | n.d. | >7.8 (>31.2) |
