Fig. 3: DsbA-L promotes lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation in adipose tissue.

The mRNA levels of lipolytic genes in a BAT and b iWAT of DsbA-L^fKO (n = 4) and loxp control (n = 4) mice were determined by qPCR and normalized to β-actin. Glycerol release from primary-cultured adipocytes of c BAT and d iWAT of DsbA-L^fKO (n = 3) and loxp control (n = 3) mice. Free fatty acid release from primary-cultured adipocytes of e BAT and f iWAT of DsbA-L^fKO (n = 3) and loxp control (n = 3) mice. The mRNA levels of fatty acid oxidation-related genes in g BAT and h iWAT of DsbA-L^fKO (n = 4) and loxp control (n = 4) mice were determined by qPCR and normalized to β-actin. The oxidation of ¹⁴C-palmitate in i BAT and j iWAT from DsbA-L^fKO (n = 4 for BAT and n = 5 for iWAT) and loxp (n = 6 for BAT and n = 4 for iWAT) control mice. Glycerol release from primary-cultured adipocytes of k BAT and l iWAT of DsbA-L^fTG and their control mice (n = 3 for each group). Free fatty acid release from isolated m BAT and n iWAT of DsbA-L^fTG and their control mice (n = 3 for each group). The oxidation of ¹⁴C-palmitate in o BAT and p iWAT isolated from DsbA-L^fTG and their control mice (n = 3 for each group). Data are presented as mean ± SEM of biologically independent samples, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 by unpaired two-tailed t-test.