Fig. 6: In vitro validations of formulated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) loaded liposomal nanotheranostics. | Communications Biology

Fig. 6: In vitro validations of formulated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) loaded liposomal nanotheranostics.

From: Liposomal nanotheranostics for multimode targeted in vivo bioimaging and near‐infrared light mediated cancer therapy

Fig. 6

a Cancer cell imaging and cellular uptake of folic acid functionalized NFGL nanotheranostic agents (NFGL–FA) with 4T1 breast cancer cell lines with and without NIR light exposure (750 nm, 1 W/cm2 for 10 min of exposure), scale bar = 10 µm. b Observations of produced reactive oxygen species (ROS, as a side product of photothermal therapy) during NIR light irradiation using various formulations of NFGL nanohybrids treated with 4T1 cancer cell lines; green emissive ROS are noticed by (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate, DCFDA) dye staining. c Quantitative analysis of produced ROS from nanohybrids treated with breast cancer cells with and without NIR light irradiation (n = 3). d Percentage cell viability of NFGL nanohybrids before and after folic acid functionalization and its major components (GQDs and AuNPs) using 24 h MTT assay at different concentrations (0.1–1 mg/mL, n = 3).

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