Fig. 4: Similarity measures of cells attributed to CellCognize classes.

a Class attribution (absolute cell counts) from a single 32-standard ANN classifier for in vivo filtered (0.2–40 µm) n = 5036 cells from a Lake Geneva microbial community (black bars), with their corresponding mean probability of assignment (gray bars, LW attributed). In background (orange bars), mean probabilities of assignment (±one SD) of each of the standards within an in silico mixture of all FCM standard datasets (subsampled to n = 5000 cells each, five 32-standard ANN classifiers). b Distributions of classification probabilities for four classes that were attributed in high numbers within the lake water community in the classifier results of a (i.e., B02, ACH2, CCR1 and PVR1) for each standard individually, for lake water (LW), or, in one case, of LW in silico mixed with n =  5000 cells of the PVR1 standard. Values within panels indicate the mean probability of the shown distribution, and correspond to the value plotted in a. c Mean class attribution (absolute cell numbers) of the lake water enriched community on 1-octanol (n = 536,783 cells), and of the pure culture isolate (OCT, n = 63,824 cells) derived from this enrichment grown on 1-octanol, both after three days of incubation, for one of the ANN-32 classifiers and for a new classifier that was trained using a dataset that in addition included FCM data from the OCT isolate itself (ANN-33). Numbers on the bars indicate the mean probability of class attribution. Image display calculations are detailed in “Supplementary Methods”.