Fig. 2: Emergence of diverse metabolic strategies.
a–d Example of population dominated by a single autonomous lineage. a Muller plot showing relative frequencies and phylogenetic relationships of different metabolic genotypes throughout the experiment. Clades of microbes with different metabolic genotypes (colours) continuously evolve, resulting in complex evolutionary dynamics of competition and leapfrogging. b Tracking ancestral relationships with renewing lineage markers shows a continued turnover in markers, indicating that at any point during the simulation all microbes have a recent common ancestor. c Snapshots of spatial environment. d Principal component analysis of single-cell proteomes shows that in these communities all microbes express similar proteins. e–h Example of a population that diversifies in two lineages that cross-feed on essential building blocks. g Lineages form an interleaved pattern in the spatial environment (see Supplementary Fig. 6 and Supplementary Movie 1). h Single-cell proteomes show that these lineages express different metabolic enzymes. i–l Example of a population that switches between autonomous and cross-feeding strategies. Lineage markers are redistributed when a single marker fixes in the whole population. PCAs coloured for lineage markers, and composed per simulation on relative single-cell protein expressions, see “Methods” for details.
