Fig. 1: Cardiac pathological changes in non-human primates (NHPs) with control (CTL) and heart failure (HF). | Communications Biology

Fig. 1: Cardiac pathological changes in non-human primates (NHPs) with control (CTL) and heart failure (HF).

From: Amylin deposition activates HIF1α and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) signaling in failing hearts of non-human primates

Fig. 1

a–e Histopathological evaluation of heart tissue from NHPs with CTL (n = 7) and HF (n = 6). a CTL hearts showed no abnormality. b–d HF hearts showed myocardial interstitial fibrosis, hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes with atypical karyomegaly, infiltrations of mixed inflammatory cells, and randomly distributed, multifocal degeneration and necrosis of cardiomyocytes. Arteriopathy with thickening of the tunica media of the vascular smooth muscles and narrowing of the lumen was also observed in NHPs with HF. e Histopathological grades of CTL and HF were determined using the semi-quantification scoring system (0-not apparent change,1-minimal, 2-moderate, 3-marked, 4-severe). f–k Masson’s trichrome staining and Picro Sirius red staining of heart tissue from NHPs with CTL (n = 7) and HF (n = 6). f, i No abnormality was observed in the CTL. g, j The HF hearts showed diffused blue-stained (g, Masson’s trichrome stain) and red-stained (j, Picro Sirius red stain). h, k Quantification of fibrotic area was shown in histogram. Scale bar, 100 μm. Data represent mean ± SEM, **P < 0.01 by student’s t test.

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