Table 1 Subjective and autonomic (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) responses to the stressor.

From: A role for GABA in the modulation of striatal and hippocampal systems under stress

Subjective ratingsa

 

Pain

Stress

Unpleasantness

Control

1.39 ± 4.79

1.26 ± 4.34

1.1 ± 4.33

SCR

68.15 ± 21.07

55.47 ± 24.9

88.87 ± 12.13

Control vs. SCR

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

p < .001

Autonomic responsesb

 

Pre

During

Post

SBP (mm Hg)

 Control

122.19 ± 10.45

120.85 ± 9.50

120.37 ± 10.05

 SCR

130.00 ± 13.33

144.54 ± 20.38

133.19 ± 13.63

 Control vs. SCR

p = 0.021

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

DBP (mm Hg)

 Control

74.67 ± 6.65

73.96 ± 5.81

74.07 ± 5.59

 SCR

75.08 ± 9.16

90.92 ± 17.65

83.54 ± 14.76

 Control vs. SCR

p = 0.852

p < 0.001

p = 0.003

HR (bpm)

 Control

64.48 ± 8.79

66.44 ± 9.05

68.19 ± 9.23

 SCR

63.42 ± 8.87

87.65 ± 17.10

71.27 ± 11.82

 Control vs. SCR

p = 0.664

p < 0.001

p = 0.294

  1. Values are means ± SDs. N control group = 27; N SCR group = 26. Subjective ratings were given on a 100 mm visual analogue scale.
  2. Bpm beats per minute, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HR heart rate, SBP systolic blood pressure, SCR stress cortisol responders.
  3. ap-Values based on unpaired two-sample t-tests.
  4. bp-Values based on pairwise comparisons following RM ANOVAs with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. It is noteworthy that during the SECPT, the measurement pre-feet submersion is taken within the stressful context (including video monitoring), which likely contributed to the group difference in SBP observed at baseline.
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