Fig. 6: Establishment of colorectal organoids and tumoroids in low-viscosity matrix suspension culture.

a–b, Comparison of (a) establishment rates and (b) times (passage 0 to 1) between LVM suspension and donut culture methods for organoids (n = 31 and n = 91, respectively) and tumoroids (n = 16 and n = 75, respectively). c–e Comparison of establishment times for organoids and tumoroids grown in LVM suspension or donut culture according to (c, d) location and (e) tumor stage. f–g Comparison of live-cell yield for (f) organoids and (g) tumoroids from three patients grown for 14 days in LVM suspension or dome culture; scale bars, 500 μm. Data (b, f, g) are plotted as mean ± s.d. Statistical significance (b, f, g) was attributed to values of p < 0.05 as determined by the Student’s t test. NS, p > 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. N, normal; T, tumor.