Fig. 3: GS3.1 expresses in young panicles and the phloem of leaves and culms.

GUS staining of Pro GS3.1HJX:GUS of a young 1 cm-long panicle (a), culm (b), and leaf (c). Scale bar = 1 mm. d Micrograph of a cross-section of a young leaf. The red arrow shows the stained phloem. Scale bar = 50 μm. e The relative expression levels of GS3.1 in NIL-GS3.1HJX and NIL-GS3.1HP leaves (L), roots (R), culm nodes (CN), culms (C), and panicles (P, numbers indicate the length of young panicles, cm) as determined by qRT-PCR (n = 3 biological replicates). The actin gene was used for normalization. The values in e represent the mean ± s.d.. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 indicate significant differences compared to NIL-GS3.1HJX in two-tailed Student’s t-tests. The source data underlying Fig. 3e are provided as Source data file.