Table 1 In vitro pharmacological parameters of potency and efficacy of combinations of RdRp and HCV NS5A inhibitors on SARS-CoV-2 replication in Calu-3 cells.

Remdesivir (RDV)

0.09

0.002

0.4

0.03

1.1

0.2

Sofosbuvir

6.2

0.3

ND

ND

ND

ND

Tenofovir

4.3

2.1

ND

ND

ND

ND

Favipiravir

7.8

1.2

ND

ND

ND

ND

Pibrentasvir

0.7

0.2

4.2

0.6

ND

ND

RDV + Pibrentasvir (0.1 μM)

0.008*

0.0009

0.07*

0.03

0.3*

0.09

Sofosbuvir + Pibrentasvir (0.1 μM)

8.3

0.5

ND

ND

ND

ND

Tenofovir + Pibrentasvir (0.1 μM)

0.5*

0.05

8*

1.5

ND

ND

Favipiravir + Pibrentasvir (0.1 μM)

0.5*

0.03

8*

0.5

ND

ND

Ombitasvir

0.4

0.05

3.3

0.5

ND

ND

RDV + Ombitasvir (0.1 μM)

0.008*

0.0003

0.01*

0.05

0.5*

0.2

Sofosbuvir + Ombitasvir (0.1 μM)

6

1.3

9*

5

ND

ND

Tenofovir + Ombitasvir (0.1 μM)

0.8*

0.07

7*

1.6

8.9*

0.4

Favipiravir + Ombitasvir (0.1 μM)

0.15*

0.04

8*

0.4

9.5*

0.4

Daclatasvir

0.7

0.08

3.8

1.2

ND

ND

RDV + Daclatasvir (0.5 μM)

0.008*

0.0006

0.1*

0.06

0.5*

0.1

Sofosbuvir + Daclatasvir (0.5 μM)

0.6*

0.05

9*

0.2

ND

ND

Tenofovir + Daclatasvir (0.5 μM)

0.01*

0.004

6*

1.2

7.5*

0.5

Favipiravir + Daclatasvir (0.5 μM)

0.12*

0.05

8*

0.5

ND

ND