Fig. 6: Mathematical model captures drug-drug and strain-strain differences.

a Schematic illustration of modeling the variables E (external drug), D (internal drug), T (toxicity), R (detox machinery). Green-colored species have a positive effect on growth, whereas the red-colored ones suppress growth. b Schematic illustration of how AMN1 may promote stress resistance. c Simulated growth curves (solid lines) co-plotted on the logarithmic scale with representative experimental cell count-converted curves (dotted lines) with the shaded area illustrating the area under the curve, AUC. For all replicates, see Supplementary Fig. 21. d The AUC calculated from simulated growth curves in panel c shown as bars, compared to AUCs of the experimental cell count-converted data shown as scatter dots. Error bars represent means and standard deviations calculated from fits to three experimental replicates. Black circles represent corresponding experimental AUC data points. e Parameters for growth curve models: q – internal drug threshold to inhibit growth, f – drug in/outflux rate, a – drug-induced cell toxicity, p – detox production rate, r – drug threshold to induce detox, d – spontaneous drug decay, k, b – cell killing/death rate (Supplementary Table 5, Supplementary Note 3). For the entire model output, see Supplementary Figs. 17–20. Bars are shown for TBR1 (shades of blue) and TBR1Δa (shades of yellow) growth models. Color gradient from brighter to darker shades represents the increasing stress levels of H₂O₂, AmB, CASP, and FLC. Red circles represent the values of each parameter per fit to an individual experimental replicate. Error bars represent means and standard deviations calculated from the ODE models of three experimental biological replicates.