Fig. 1: Transcriptional pausing in the context of single and multiple pause sites.

a Schematics of single (top panel) and multiple (bottom panel) pause sites. The pause half-life is characterized by the rate of EC escape from the pause site (indicated by dotted rectangle). In the case of multiple pause sites, EC escaping from upstream sites may enter in downstream pause sites. b Simulations of single pause site occupancy by EC as a function of time. The rate of pause escape is inversely proportional to the pause half-life, as observed by the faster decrease of pause site occupancy when increasing the rate of EC escape. c Simulation of multiple pause sites occupancy by EC as a function of time. The variation in upstream pause escape modulates the observed half-life of a downstream pause. It can be observed that decreasing rates of upstream pause escape increases the observed half-life of the downstream pause (green curves). The occupancy of a single pause site is shown as reference (orange curve). d Chemical structure of an NPOM-caged dT and an unmodified dT following cleavage by ultraviolet (λ = 365 nm) irradiation.