Fig. 3: M1 restores the decreased insulin content and secretion of INS-1E β-cells with suppressed expression of mNT and NAF-1 NEET proteins.

a (Upper) Insulin secretion rate of INS-1E cells with suppressed mNT expression (shRNA-mNT/orange) and cells expressing wild type levels of mNT (blue) following treatment with or without 5 µM of M1. Upper right graph shows the percentage of insulin secretion rate change from the different cells indicated after M1 molecule treatment. (Lower) INS-1E cell Insulin content measurements relative to untreated control following treatment with or without 5 µM M1. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. n = 6. b (Upper) Insulin secretion rate of INS-1E cells with suppressed NAF-1 expression (shRNA-NAF-1/green) and cells expressing normal levels of NAF-1 (blue) following treatment with or without 5 µM of M1. Upper right graph shows the percentage of insulin secretion rate change from the different cells indicated after M1 treatment. (Lower) INS-1E cell Insulin content measurements relative to control levels following treatment with or without 5 µM of M1. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. n = 6.