Fig. 1: Compositional variations in rice-associated bacterial and fungal communities over time.

a Distribution of relative abundances of bacterial and fungal communities in different compartments during the growing season of rice. In seeds, each bar corresponds to the mean relative abundance of 27 biological replicates of each age (days after transplanting) except seeds collected at 76 days after transplanting (18 biological replicates). In other compartments, each bar represents the mean relative abundance of 9 replicates (3 biological replicates × 3 technical replicates) of a particular age. Details on replicates are available in Methods. The relative abundances of each replicate of a particular age are available in source data in the Supplementary Data 1 and Supplementary Figs. 2, 3 in the Supplementary Information. The bars are ordered by the rice age as indicated by the colored bars under each bar. BS, bulk soil; RS, rhizosphere soil; R, root endosphere; S, stem endosphere; L, leaf endosphere; Se, seeds; RA, relative abundance. b Compositional variations of bacterial and fungal communities in 2018 samples. Compositional variations among samples were estimated via principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) based on Bray-Curtis distance metric. Bray-Curtis distance was calculated from the mean abundance tables of technical replicates. The samples are colored by compartments. c The same plot of bacterial and fungal communities colored by days after transplanting. Dots represent biological replicates of each rice compartment-associated bacterial or fungal community.