Fig. 6: Pore-forming and hemolytic activity of SaroL-1.

a SaroL-1 (unlabeled, 200 nM) triggers the influx of 3 kDa dextran-AF488 (green) into wt Gb3-containing GUVs (red) via its pore-forming activity. In the control group without SaroL-1, there was no visible influx of dextran-AF488 detected. Yellow arrows indicate events of dextran-AF488 influx to wt Gb3-containing GUVs. The GUVs were composed of DOPC, cholesterol, wt Gb3, and membrane dye to the molar ratio of 64.7:30:5:0.3, respectively. The scale bars represent 10 µm. b Kinetics of SaroL-1 driven dextran-AF488 influx to wt Gb3-containing GUVs. Mean values ± SD are shown. Data represent three independent experiments, n = 3. The molecular weight of fluorescently labelled dextran is 3 kDa. The total amount of control GUVs was at 0 min—225 GUVs, 30 min—344 GUVs, 60 min—349 GUVs and 120 min—393 GUVs. For SaroL-1 experiment with wt Gb3-containing GUVs, the total amount of GUVs was 0 min—230 GUVs, 30 min—185 GUVs, 60 min—183 GUVs and 120 min—178 GUVs. In the PNPG-treated group there was a total amount of GUVs at 0 min—322 GUVs, at 30 min—435 GUVs, 60 min—447 GUVs and at 120 min 446 GUVs. c Relative hemolytic activity of SaroL-1 with estimation of IC₅₀ as 6.3 μg/mL (170 nM). Mean values ± SD are shown. Data represent two independent experiments, n = 2. d Relative inhibition of the hemolytic activity of SaroL-1 by PNPG, GalNAc, melibiose and lactose. Mean values ± SD are shown. Data represent two independent experiments, n = 2. All error bars correspond to mean value ± SD. Data for the graphs are available in Supplementary Data 1.