Fig. 2: IDH2 deficiency upregulates fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis.

a Mechanisms of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis. b, c Citrate and acetyl-CoA levels in liver tissue determined using a colorimetric/fluorometric assay kit. d, e Expression of genes related to cholesterol efflux and synthesis, and fatty acid synthesis and β-oxidation, revealed by quantitative real-time PCR (normalized to GAPDH). Data are means ± SEM of three independent experiments (n = 3). *p < 0.05 vs. WT-ND mice. #p < 0.05 vs. WT-HFD mice.