Fig. 2: Probio-M9 exhibits health-promoting effects.
From: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans
The life cycle (from egg to its first egg laid) (a), total number of progeny (b), reproductive cycle (c) and body size (d) from wild-type N2 worms grown on OP50 and OP50 + Probio-M9 are not significantly different (N = 20 worms, p > 0.05, Student’s t test). Survival curves of mutants of DR signaling pathways, eat-2 (ad1116) (e) and aak-2 (ok524) (f), fed with Probio-M9 (N = 90 worms, p < 0.0001, Log rank test). g The pharyngeal pumping rate from wild-type N2 worms grown on OP50 + Probio-M9 was enhanced on days 2–14 compared with those fed with OP50 (N = 20 worms, p < 0.01, two-way ANOVA). h The normal locomotor activity from wild-type N2 worms grown on OP50 and OP50 + Probio-M9 was measured on days 8–16. According to their locomotion, worms were divided into four classes: Class A, normal locomotion, spontaneous and/or rhythmical sinusoidal movement (blue bars); Class B, cannot move body, irregular and/or uncoordinated movement (orange bars); Class C, uncoordinated/sluggish, moved merely their head and/or tail in respond to a moderate touch with a platinum wire picker (green bars); and Class D, dead, dead worms (red bars) (N ≥ 90 worms, p < 0.05, Chi-squared test). i, j The lipofuscin accumulation of wild-type N2 worms was weakened followed OP50 + Probio-M9 feeding. Accumulation of lipofuscin was detected by autofluorescence under FV1200 confocal microscope on day 10 or 15 worms, scale bar, 20 μm (i), and fluorescence intensity was measured using ImageJ software (j). Results are shown by arbitrary units (a.u.) (N = 34 worms, p < 0.001, Student’s t test). k The thermotolerance of wild-type N2 worms grown on OP50 + Probio-M9 increased the survival rate compared those feds with OP50. Day 5 of adulthood worms cultured on OP50 or OP50 + Probio-M9 were transferred from 20 °C to 34 °C, and the survival rate was counted at 12 h, 18 h and 24 h, respectively (N = 3 biologically experiments, p < 0.05, Student’s t test). In a–d, g, h, j and k, values are presented as the mean ± SEM.
