Fig. 3: Dynamic phenotype modulation across vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) spectrum in proximal adjacent (PA) and calcified atherosclerotic core (AC) portions of plaques.

a Single-cells trajectories of the 5 VSMC states through the pseudotime identified by Monocle analysis. b Single-cells trajectories of VSMCs colored by pseudotime. c Single-cells trajectories split by different VSMC subtypes. d Single-cells trajectories of the 5 VSMC states split by different PA and AC group. e Bar chart of the relative frequency of the 5 VSMC states in PA and AC groups. f Heatmap representing the expression dynamics of 3 gene clusters with the second branch node dependent and increased or reduced expression at State 3 and State 4 through BEAM analysis. g Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) terms of the upregulated gene cluster 1 and 2 in State 4 and State 3, respectively. h Pseudotime kinetics of indicated genes from the root of the trajectory to State 3 (solid line) and State 4 (dashed line).