Fig. 3: Imaging results from the functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment.

a Individual right temporoparietal junction (RTPJ) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) regions of interest (ROIs) identified a priori by the functional localizer for cognitive perspective taking based on a theory-of-mind task, conducted separately from the main estimation task. The color bars show the number of overlapped individual ROIs in each voxel. b Parametric modulation for Sim (similarity) with the partner in estimation (Eq. 13) in RTPJ activity during interaction. *P < 0.05. c Parametric modulation for Est (estimation: Eq. 11) in DMPFC activity during interaction, with larger activation for larger estimates. †P < 0.10, *P < 0.05. d Correlations between RTPJ betas (in response to Sim during interaction: Fig. 3b) and the stability (σ) of the participants’ estimation weights in the post-interaction phase. e Correlations between RTPJ–DMPFC functional connectivity during interaction and the stability (σ) of the participants’ estimation weights in the post-interaction phase. The bar plots indicate the means across participants, and the lines in the scatter plots are the linear regression lines.