Fig. 1: Selection and evaluation of the co-production capacity of different thraustochytrid genera to produce EPA and DHA.

a Unrooted phylogenetic tree of thraustochytrid genera based on the amino acid sequences of the PKS domain. b Schematic diagrams for two types of VCL-PUFAs synthesis systems in thraustochytrids. VCL-PUFAs is synthesized only by PKS pathway (e.g., Schizochytrium sp., Aurantiochytrium sp., and Hondaea sp.), or by both the PKS and EL/DE pathways (e.g., Thraustochytrium sp.). c, d DHA ratio (c) and EHA ratio (d) of the different thraustochytrid genera under 28 °C and 15 °C. Letters above the bars indicate significant difference (p ≤ 0.05), based on one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test. Source data are provided as a Source data file.