Fig. 5: Movements of the central and peripheral stalks.
From: Changes within the central stalk of E. coli F1Fo ATP synthase observed after addition of ATP
Side views showing the comparison of State 2 half-up and down sub-states. a Intact F1Fo complexes shown as tube cartoon. b The peripheral stalk (dimer of b subunits) bends counterclockwise and c the central stalk twists clockwise, facilitating a rotation of two c subunits in the Fo motor.
