Fig. 6: Summary of the effects of PS1 FAD mutations on the ε cleavage of APP by γ-secretase.

a Structural model of APP-bound PS1. The APP substrates are more tilted in the PS1 FAD mutants compared to WT γ-secretase. b The “Active” WT γ-secretase. c The active site of the L286V and P117L PS1 FAD mutants. d, e The active site of G384A (“I2”–“I3”) and I143T (“I2”–“I5”) PS1 FAD mutants. f, g The active site of the L435F (“I3”) and L166P (“I2”–“I3” and “I5”) PS1 FAD mutants.