Fig. 1: The Haplopteris ensiformis cpDNA.
a Haplopteris ensiformis reveals a typical plant circular plastome structure consisting of a large (LSC) and a small (SSC) single‐copy region separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IR) and an expectedly conserved, ancestral gene and intron complement. The genome map was created using OGDRAW90. Gene categories are indicated in the legend. Numbers in parentheses indicate the amount of C-to-U (blue) and U-to-C (red) RNA editing for the respective genes. Creations of start or stop codons by C-to-U editing are indicated by symbols “>” and “*” and the removal of stop codons by U-to-C editing is indicated by the exclamation marks, respectively. b The cpDNA of Haplopteris elongata (accession MH173086) features two “morffo” elements (“mobile ORFs in fern organelles”) in the IR region between rrn5 and the 3’-part of the trans-splicing rps12 gene. Recognizable sequence homologs of morffo2 can presently only be identified in Cyclosorus interruptus (accession MN599066, Thelypteridaceae) and Histiopteris incisa (accession MH319942, Dennstaedtiaceae) and a homolog of morffo1 (orange) can presently only be found in the distant fern Hymenophyllum holochilum (accession MH265124, Hymenophyllales). Only the upstream part of morffo2 (378 bp) is present in the H. ensiformis plastome, while a cpDNA insert in its mitogenome contains an extended region of 628 bp.
