Fig. 9: The functional analysis of CORE, MYC and PAF modules in cancer cells.

a qRT-PCR analysis for the knocking down of indicated gene expression in A549 and U87 cells. The major transcriptional factors of each module, Ctr9 (PAF), Nanog (CORE) and Myc (MYC), were chosen for functional analysis. Cells were infected with lentivirus carrying control and shRNAs targeting the indicated genes respectively. All data is normalized to Gapdh and shown relative to WT ESCs (set at 1.0). b The indicated cells (2000 cells per cm2 in 6-well plates) were cultured for six days and cell numbers were counted. c The morphology of colonies formed by the indicated cell lines. Cells (1000 or 2000 cells in 48-well plates) were grown for 10 days. Scale bar, 50 μm. d Quantitative analysis of the colony formation assay in the indicated cell lines. Experiments were repeated three times and a representative result is shown. Data in (a–c) represent the mean ± SD; n = 3.