Fig. 3: Brain regions activated by song in 90-day-old birds.
From: Tracing development of song memory with fMRI in zebra finches after a second tutoring experience
a Statistical maps of all post hoc t tests performed within the main effect of stimulus in sequentially tutored birds. Blue cross-hairs indicate the location of MLd in the zebra finch MRI atlas. b, c Detailed view of the exact location of the activated cluster observed within the midbrain. d, e BOLD response (β weights) elicited by each stimulus relative to the rest periods in the clusters indicated with white arrows in (b). Boxplots showing the interquartile range (box), median (black line), and 1st and 3rd quartile; each individual bird is represented by a circle (*Puncorrected < 0.01, N = 15). f, g Statistical map of BOLD activation induced by tutor over novel conspecific songs (paired t tests) in control birds and the corresponding BOLD response (β weights) elicited by TUT and NOV song relative to rest periods. Boxplots showing the interquartile range (box), median (black line), and 1st and 3rd quartile; each individual bird is represented by a circle (*Puncorrected < 0.01, N = 13). All voxels with t > 2.46 (Puncorrected < 0.01) are displayed. h, i Detailed view of the exact location of MLd. j, k Region-of- interest (ROI) analysis restricted to MLd shows that control birds (j) have a stronger differential BOLD response in left MLd while sequentially tutored birds (k) have a stronger differential BOLD response in right MLd. T values are color-coded according to the scale displayed on the right. PFWE < 0.05 considered as statistically significant for ROI analysis. MLd: dorsal lateral nucleus of the mesencephalon, RA: robust nucleus of the arcopallium. HVC is used as a proper name.
