Fig. 3: Exosome characterization, isolation from MSC, and application as novel gene therapy. | Communications Biology

Fig. 3: Exosome characterization, isolation from MSC, and application as novel gene therapy.

From: Biology and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles in axial spondyloarthritis

Fig. 3

Exosomes are cell-secreted nanoparticles (30–150 nm in size) containing various biological components, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, which play crucial roles in intercellular communication. As carriers, exosomes offer promise as enhanced platforms for targeted gene delivery due to their unique features, including intrinsic stability, minimal immunogenicity, and exceptional tissue/cell penetration potential. Targeted delivery raises the local concentration of therapeutics while minimizing negative effects.

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