Fig. 5: Carnosic acid KCNQ3* opening is resilient to PIP₂ reduction.

a Mean traces for KCNQ3* expressed in oocytes in the absence (Control) or presence of carnosic acid (5 µM) with or without wortmannin pretreatment to deplete PIP₂. Scale bars lower left for each trace; voltage protocol upper inset; n = 5–9 per group. b Mean normalized tail current (G/Gmax) for KCNQ3* traces as in a; n = 5–9 per group. c Mean unclamped oocyte membrane potential for KCNQ3*-expressing oocytes as in a; n = 5–9 per group. d ΔV_0.5act induced by carnosic acid (5 µM) for KCNQ3* expressed in oocytes as in (a), in the absence (black) or presence (purple) of wortmannin pretreatment; n = 5–9 per group. e Mean traces for KCNQ3* coexpressed in oocytes with DrVSP in the absence (black; Control) or presence (red) of carnosic acid (5 µM), pulsed to +120 mV to activate VSP and deplete PIP₂; voltage protocol, upper inset; n = 5. f Mean current decay for period between arrows in panel e for KCNQ3* in the absence (Control) or presence (CA) of carnosic acid (5 µM); n = 5. Error bars indicate SEM. n indicates number of biologically independent oocytes. Statistical comparisons by  t-test or one-way ANOVA.