Fig. 5: Quantile-quantile (Q-Q) plots showing the distribution of the probabilities between analyses with and without including genetic PCs.
From: Direct inference and control of genetic population structure from RNA sequencing data
Differential gene expression analysis results between samples of different sex show (a) systematic reduction in test statistics when including RNAseq-based genetic PCs as covariates compared to without, demonstrated by the low systematic inflation metric (m); b Distribution of probabilities after mixed linear model (MLM) on a genetic relationship matrix (GRM) was also found to be slightly deflated in the analysis with genetic PCs compared to the one without, though not to the extent of the DGE analysis.
