Fig. 4: Stimulating one side of ACC can evoke postsynaptic Ca²⁺ influx in contralateral ACC neurons.

a, b A representative recording diagram and a photograph showing the placement of the stimulating electrode in the corpus callosum and the recording electrode in the contralateral ACC. c A representative photomicrograph of a labeled pyramidal neuron in the contralateral ACC, scale bar, 20 μm. d The EPSCs and Ca²⁺ influx in contralateral ACC neurons induced by subthreshold electric stimulation with 5 shocks at 10 Hz (upper left), 5 shocks at 50 Hz (upper right), 5 shocks at 100 Hz (bottom left), and 10 shocks at 100 Hz (bottom right). e The APs and Ca²⁺ influx in contralateral ACC neurons induced by suprathreshold electric stimulation with single APs (upper left), 5 APs at 10 Hz (upper right), 5 APs at 50 Hz (bottom left), and 5 APs at 100 Hz (bottom right). ACC anterior cingulate cortex, EPSCs excitatory postsynaptic currents, APs action potentials.