Fig. 5: The effects of optogenetic stimulation ACC-ACC pathway on physiological behaviors. | Communications Biology

Fig. 5: The effects of optogenetic stimulation ACC-ACC pathway on physiological behaviors.

From: Activation of the glutamatergic cingulate cortical-cortical connection facilitates pain in adult mice

Fig. 5

a Schematic diagram showing the placement of virus injected in the one side ACC and the optic fiber implantation in the contralateral ACC. b Blue light activation of the ACC-ACC pathway significantly decreased left and right hind paw withdrawal threshold in mice (n = 8 mice, p < 0.001 for OFF versus ON of left hind paw; p < 0.001 for OFF versus ON of right hind paw). c Blue light activation of the ACC-ACC pathway significantly decreased the response latency of the hot plate test in mice (n = 8 mice, p < 0.05 for OFF versus ON). d Blue light activation of the ACC-ACC pathway significantly decreased the response latency of the tail flick test in mice (n = 6 mice). e Blue light activation of the ACC-ACC pathway did not affect motor function in mice (n = 6 mice). f A schematic diagram shows the timing and parameters of blue light given in the EPM and open field tests. g Representative traces for showing the movement of mice in the EPM test. The horizontal pink and purple boxes are open arms. The vertical yellow and green boxes are closed arms. h Representative traces for showing the movement of mice in the open field test. The pink box is the central area and the green is the peripheral area. i The anxiety behaviors (total distance, number of entries, and time in open arm) were observed in EPM with blue light-evoked activation of the ACC-ACC pathway (n = 9 mice). j After the activation of the ACC-ACC pathway by blue light, there was no significant difference in the total distance, the number, and time of entering the central region of mice in the open field (n = 8 mice). k The paradigm of conditioned place aversion (CPA) test. l After the activation of the ACC-ACC pathway by blue light, there was no significant difference in the place aversion score of the light-paired chamber compared with the EYFP group (EYFP, n = 5 mice; ChR2, n = 8 mice). Error bars represent SEM, *indicates significant difference (*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001). ACC anterior cingulate cortex, EPM elevated plus maze.

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