Fig. 2: The effects of AkaLumine administration on the stress response and developmental defects of Drosophila.

a, b Short-term oral administration of AkaLumine to flies did not induce oxidative stress, ER stress, starvation stress, or cell death responses. Gene expression in wild-type flies (w¹¹¹⁸) fed with food containing AkaLumine (1.0 mM) for 24 h was measured by qPCR. As a control, food without AkaLumine was used. Expression levels were normalized using Gapdh2 (a) and Actin 5 C (b) as an internal control gene. An unpaired t-test was used for statistical analysis. ns: no significance, n = 5. Error bars indicate s.e.m. c, d Long-term administration of AkaLumine did not affect the development of flies. There was no significant difference in the pupation rate (c) and eclosion rate (d) when the wild-type flies (w¹¹¹⁸) were raised from embryo to adult on fly food with or without AkaLumine. An unpaired t-test was used for statistical analysis. ns no significance, n = 6. Error bars indicate s.e.m.