Table 1 Sleep characteristics and differences between experimental nights.

From: Auditory stimulation during REM sleep modulates REM electrophysiology and cognitive performance

Variables

CNT

STM

Cohen’s d

p

M

SD

M

SD

Sleep

 Recording (min)

447.03

60.29

463.70

44.61

−0.32

0.188

 TST (min)

433.18

57.41

453.73

46.64

−0.39

0.100

 N1 (%)

10.34

7.44

8.45

5.00

0.30

0.295

 N2 (%)

41.10

8.39

43.25

7.64

−0.27

0.141

 N3 (%)

27.10

10.35

27.86

9.52

−0.08

0.872

 NREM (%)

78.54

4.47

79.56

4.89

−0.22

0.541

 REM (%)

18.34

4.40

18.25

4.63

0.02

0.991

 Latency (min)

13.19

12.74

12.84

9.29

0.03

0.905

 WASO (min)

13.84

16.28

9.98

12.97

0.26

0.538

 Efficiency (%)

91.78

11.52

94.39

5.36

−0.29

0.243

 Arousals

71.11

49.41

58.25

43.70

0.28

0.758

NREM

 SO density (SO/min)

10.96

4.81

11.67

4.93

−0.15

0.323

 SP density (SP/min)

5.16

0.86

5.53

0.54

−0.52

0.107

REM

 Phasic REM (%)

11.61

3.48

10.98

4.32

0.16

0.581

 Tonic REM (%)

6.73

2.59

7.27

2.44

−0.22

0.629

 EM density (EM/min)

6.86

3.91

5.07

1.43

0.62

0.013

 Number of REM segments

17.20

9.19

20.60

8.61

−0.38

0.117

  1. N = 19 subjects for each condition. All percentages are based on TST. NREM includes stages N2 and N3 only.
  2. TST total sleep time, SO slow oscillations at Fz, SP spindles at Cz, EM eye movements during REM sleep, WASO wake after the sleep onset.