Fig. 3: Discriminating metabolites.
From: Metabolic network analysis of pre-ASD newborns and 5-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder
a Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis by random forest analysis. Newborn males. n = 136 newborn males (n = 68 ASD and 68 TD). b 5-year-old males. n = 39 5-year-old males (n = 23 ASD and 16 TD). c Blood metabolome changes found in pre-ASD newborns are on the left. Changes found in 5-year-olds with ASD are on the right. Shared changes are shown at the intersection. *Changes found in males only. †Glutathione (GSH/GSSG) and Cysteine/Cystine redox ratios were not measured in this study. Developmental regulation of discriminating metabolites, d Phosphatidylinositol (PI) lipids, e Phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) lipids, f Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) lipids, g Ceramides, h Eicosanoids, i Glycolysis, j Bile acids. k Phosphatidylserine (PS) lipids, l Phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids, m Sphingomyelins, n Purines, o Fatty acid oxidation and synthesis intermediates. Error bars indicate the z-score medians and interquartile ranges. Red arrows indicate metabolites that were low in pre-ASD newborns and increased in 5-year-olds with ASD. Blue arrows indicate metabolites that were increased in pre-ASD newborns and low in 5-year-olds with ASD. 5-mTHF 5’-methyltetrahydrofolate, 7-mGuo 7-methylguanosine, 7-mGua 7-methylguanine, 2-KB 2-ketobutyric acid, Gua guanine, dGMP deoxyguanosine monophosphate, AICAR 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide, PI phosphatidylinositol lipids, PS phosphatidyl serine lipids, PE phosphatidyl ethanolamine lipids, PC phosphatidyl choline lipids, BMP bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate lipids, IAA imidazole acetic acid, FAs fatty acids, R5P ribose-5-phosphate, SAM S-adenosyl methionine, SAH S-adenosylhomocysteine, 2-AG 2-arachidonylglycerol, N-OEA N-oleoylethanolamine, GM3(d18:1/18:1) is a monosialic, trihexosyl ganglioside, PG phosphatidylglyerol lipids. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.
