Table 3 Mean counts by tissue of genes in each k-medoid cluster of SOM units

From: Gene expression supports a single origin of horns and antlers in hoofed mammals

 

Cattle

Deer

Pig

Cluster

2 mo

4 mo

Skin

Ped

Ant

CA

MC

PC

RM

TZ

Skin

Bone

Skin

Cart.

Bone

1

5.08

5.36

4.99

4.61

4.71

4.52

4.48

4.86

4.85

4.65

4.70

4.57

3.79

4.53

4.25

2

3.81

3.67

4.15

5.09

4.91

5.38

5.57

5.29

5.24

5.39

4.48

4.69

3.60

4.89

4.35

3

2.77

1.98

3.06

3.41

2.96

3.14

3.16

2.13

2.84

2.39

3.11

3.35

3.59

4.39

4.45

4

4.86

4.89

4.74

3.53

3.43

2.83

2.63

2.73

2.84

2.72

3.91

3.75

4.34

4.11

4.30

  1. Mean log counts per million of the genes that mapped to each of the four k-medoid clusters of SOM (self-organizing map) units, excluding genes with raw counts of zero, which had log counts per million of −21 due to the small integer added to each count to avoid taking the log of zero by cpmByGroup57. We determined the number of k-medoid clusters based on the Tibshirani et al.70 statistic. Genes in clusters 1 and 3 have mean counts that tended to be higher or lower (respectively) than those in control samples of pig skin, cartilage, and bone, supporting homology of cranial appendages in cattle horn buds and deer antlers. 2 mo 2-month-old cattle horn bud, 4 mo 4-month-old cattle horn bud, Ped bulk deer antler pedicle, Ant bulk deer antler tip, MC isolated deer antler mineralized cartilage, CA isolated deer antler cartilage, TZ isolated deer antler transition zone, PC isolated deer antler pre-cartilage, RM isolated deer antler reserve mesenchyme, Cart. cartilage unrelated to cranial appendages.
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