Fig. 3: Variation in avian tolerance toward daily human levels (Google Mobility) across species and sites.

Dots represent single escape distance observations of species at specific sites (e.g. park or cemetery) and not corrected for other factors such as starting distance of the observer. Dot colour highlights the country. Yellow lines represent locally weighted smoothing, a non-parametric local regression fitted with the ggplot function of the ggplot2 package⁹⁹, highlighting heterogenous (and usually unclear–close to zero) within- and between- species trends. Some species lack trend lines because data distribution hindered the smoothing and visualised are only data for species-site combinations with ≥10 escape distance observations, for which Google Mobility data were available. The y-axes are on the log-scale. Panels are ordered alphabetically according to species names, then country and site identifier. Abbreviations in the species names represent Aca. chrysorrh. Acanthiza chrysorrhoa, Acr Acridotheres, Anas platyrhy. Anas platyrhynchos, Ant. caruncula. Anthochaera carunculata, Che Chenonetta, Col Columba, Den Dendrocopos, Fri Fringilla, Gal Gallinula, Gra Grallina, Gym Gymnorhina, Lar. novaehol. Larus novaehollandiae, Lic. penicilla. Lichenostomus penicillatus, Lus. megarhync. Luscinia megarhynchos, Man. melanocep. Manorina melanocephala, Ocy Ocyphaps, Pas Passer, Phy. novaeholl. Phylidonyris novaehollandiae, Por Porphyrio, Rhi Rhipidura, Sti Stigmatopelia, and Stu Sturnus. For R-code generating the figure see interactive supporting material⁴³.