Fig. 1: Comparative analysis of horizontal gene transfer (HGT).

a Phylogenetic tree presenting the relationships among ten algal species. The tree also provides information on their respective genome sizes, gene numbers, HGT gene numbers, repeat proportions, and LTR proportions. The numbers displayed to the left of each species in the tree represent the count of HGT genes in unique gene families. b Genomic collinearity demonstrated by the comparison of P. yezoensis, P. haitanensis, and P. umbilicalis. The figure displays the distribution of HGT (orange) and TE density in 20-kb windows (green, values range from 0 to 1) on chromosomes. c Sankey diagram illustrating the flow of HGT genes from donor species to TE classes in P. haitanensis.