Fig. 2: Steady-state values for a range of glucose concentrations and mitochondrial bioenergetics.

The steady-state values of the average node degree (a, d, and g; denoted as <k > ), mitochondrial membrane potential (b, e, and h; denoted as ΔΨ) and ATP-to-ADP ratio (c, f, and i; denoted as T:D) are represented by the colors in the 2D contour plots. The relative glucose concentrations are shown on the X-axis, and 5 mM is denoted as 1X in the simulation. The relative activities of ATP synthase (a, b, and c), the ETC (d, e, and f), and proton leakage activity (g, h, and i) on the Y-axis are presented by comparison to the baseline model values. The translucent arrows indicate how the mitochondrial parameters change in response to the addition of oligomycin, rotenone, or FCCP.