Fig. 8: Model of LCWE-induced ALI. | Communications Biology

Fig. 8: Model of LCWE-induced ALI.

From: NLRP3 promotes inflammatory signaling and IL-1β cleavage in acute lung injury caused by cell wall extract of Lactobacillus casei

Fig. 8

In macrophage cells, LCWE activates inflammatory signaling pathways through TLR2, unlike LPS through TLR4. MYD88 functions as the adaptor for the TLR receptors of both LCWE and LPS, activating the NF-κB signaling pathway and the expression of inflammatory cytokines including IL6, TNFα, pro-IL-1β, and NLRP3. These cytokines further increase inflammatory signaling, resulting in an inflammatory storm and ALI.

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