Fig. 3: t-SNE visualization of cell line distributions across passages.

a–c t-SNE plots illustrating the distributions of cells from four cell lines in passage 0, passage 1, and passage 2, respectively. Each dot represents one cell in the test set. d–f Single-cell SLAM composite images corresponding to the dots in the t-SNE plot were sampled and visualized in the same location for the three passages. Additionally, g–i present optical redox ratio images, while (j–l) display NAD(P)H mean lifetime images obtained from the phasor analysis. All scale bars represent 100 µm.