Fig. 3: Enhanced expression of master transcriptional repressor ATF3 across ALS stages.

Volcano plots of normalized differentially expressed genes from whole spinal cord of G93A over WT mice at postnatal day 119 (P119; n = 4 per group) (a), and day 150 (P150; n = 3 per group) (b). (Dotted lines: Log2 = 1/-1, 2-fold expression changes). c Top ten significant enriched KEGG pathways of the up-regulated DEGs from both P119 and P150 G93A/WT. The number of genes associated with each pathway is indicated beside the corresponding bar. d Enrichment pathway analysis of Biological Process (BP) GO terms of upregulated DEGs in both P119 and P150 G93A/WT mice. e Heatmap of selected chemokines, pro-inflammatory, and interferon-stimulating genes in G93A versus WT mice ranging from E12.5 to P150. (Blue: TYROBP and TREM2 are positive control for upregulated genes in G93A model) (f) The Venn diagram illustrates the classification of up-regulated DEGs from G93A/WT at P119 and P150 mice into categories of Type I, II, and/or III ISGs. g (left) Venn diagram illustrates the genes that overlap across from P56 to P150 of G93A/WT mice; (right) the upset matrix plot displays the total number of DEGs identified in E12.5-P150 of G93A mice. The pie chart shows the percentage of DEGs from their respective temporal profiles that are categorized as Type I and/or II ISGs in the CNS. Examples of genes corresponding to specific time-points are color-coded accordingly.