Fig. 8: Phylogenetic affiliation of the S. acidocaldarius G3PDH isoenzymes Saci_2032 and Saci_1118 with selected GlpDs, GlpOs, and GlpAs from other Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya.

GlpA homologues are shaded green, with the canonical bacterial and haloarchaeal GlpAs shown in dark green, the Thermophilum homologues in green and the S. acidocaldarius homologues in light green. The GlpD cluster shaded blue comprises the GlpDs and GlpOs highlighted in light and dark blue, respectively. The Thermococcus-like G3PDHs, designated as GlpTk are shown in orange. Organism names and uniprot accession numbers are given. The evolutionary history was inferred by using the Maximum Likelihood method and Le/Gascuel_2008 model⁸². The model was selected based on the lowest Bayesian information criterion value using the ‘Find best protein model’ option implemented in the MEGA11 package. The tree with the highest log likelihood (−18468.08) is shown. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. Initial tree(s) for the heuristic search were obtained automatically by applying Neighbor-Join and BioNJ algorithms to a matrix of pairwise distances estimated using the JTT model, and then selecting the topology with superior log likelihood value. A discrete Gamma distribution was used to model evolutionary rate differences among sites (5 categories (+G, parameter =  1.8751)). The rate variation model allowed for some sites to be evolutionarily invariable ([+I], 2.12% sites). The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. This analysis involved 55 amino acid sequences. All positions containing gaps and missing data were eliminated (complete deletion option). There were a total of 262 positions in the final dataset. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA11⁸⁰.