Fig. 3: Antibacterial activity of COL/NIC-mPEG-PLGA-NPs in vitro. | Communications Biology

Fig. 3: Antibacterial activity of COL/NIC-mPEG-PLGA-NPs in vitro.

From: Amphiphilic mPEG-PLGA copolymer nanoparticles co-delivering colistin and niclosamide to treat colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infections

Fig. 3

a–c Time–kill curves of colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (mcr-1 positive) Salmonella SH05 (a), E. coli Y150 (b) and K. pneumoniae 5 G (c) treated with various formulations (COL colistin 1.25 μg/mL; NIC niclosamide 0.48 μg/mL; Blank-NPs blank nanoparticles 128 μg/mL; COL/NIC-mPEG-PLGA-NPs: nanoparticles 128 μg/mL containing colistin at 1.25 μg/mL and niclosamide at 0.48 μg/mL). d–f Colony images of colistin-resistant Salmonella SH05 (d), E. coli Y150 (e), and K. pneumoniae 5 G (f) treated with various formulations for 24 h at 37 °C. g Confocal fluorescent images of live and dead bacterial cells after incubation with various formulations for 2.5 h. Blue fluorescence shows bacterial quasi-nuclear stained with DAPI, while red fluorescence shows dead bacteria stained with PI. The scale bar is 300 μm. h Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images of mcr-1-carrying E. coli Y150 after COL/NIC-mPEG-PLGA-NPs treatment for 1 or 4 h. All the growth curves and bactericidal test were determined in triplicate, and representative data are displayed.

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