Fig. 5: In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of the COL/NIC-mPEG-PLGA-NPs.

a Hemolysis assay and quantification of red blood cells (RBCs) incubated with COL/NIC-mPEG-PLGA-NPs at different concentrations for 1 h. b Viability of porcine kidney-15 (PK-15) cells after treatment with different concentrations of COL/NIC-mPEG-PLGA-NPs for 24 h and 48 h. c–f Liver and renal function-related indices (ALT, AST, BUN, and CREA) of mice after treatment with low (20 mg/kg) and high (40 mg/kg) doses of COL/NIC-mPEG-PLGA-NPs. (n = 3; ***p < 0.001; analysis performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test).