Fig. 4: Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence of animal kidney tissues.

A–C Immunohistochemical staining of rat kidney (CD44, KIM-1, MCP-1, OPN, NOX-1, NOX-4, NRF-2, SOD-1, FN, N-cadherin, Vimentin, α-SMA, TGF-β). n = 3. D Relative quantification of fluorescence intensity in rat kidney immunofluorescence staining (E-cadherin). Magnification is ×200, Scale bar = 100 μm. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3, one-way ANOVA. E Rat kidney immunofluorescence staining (E-cadherin). Magnification is ×200, Scale bar = 100 μm. n = 3. F, G Rat kidney immunohistochemical staining relative quantification. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3, one-way ANOVA. Compared with the EG + AG Group, * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001, **** indicates p < 0.0001.