Fig. 3: Temporal analysis of the transcriptomes of astrocytes in acute, subacute, and chronic TBI. | Communications Biology

Fig. 3: Temporal analysis of the transcriptomes of astrocytes in acute, subacute, and chronic TBI.

From: Astrocyte activation persists one year after TBI: a dynamic shift from inflammation to neurodegeneration

Fig. 3

A–C Heatmap of the differentially expressed astrocyte genes at the acute, subacute, and chronic time points of TBI. Clustering was done with K-means using k = 3. Enriched GO terms (q value < 0.05) of each cluster are displayed on the right with selected corresponding genes labeled on the left. Total number of genes in each enriched GO term is shown in brackets. D Top IPA predicted upstream regulators (P < 0.05 & |z| > 0) of the following pairwise comparisons obtained with DESeq2 using the Wald test: Subacute TBI vs. Acute TBI, Chronic TBI vs. Acute TBI, and Chronic TBI vs. Subacute TBI. E, F Bar graphs depicting expression levels of selected genes (Acute TBI n = 3, Subacute TBI n = 4, Chronic TBI n = 3). Data shown as mean ± s.e.m. P values were calculated using a two-sided likelihood-ratio test with an FDR-corrected P  <  0.05 (A–C), right-tailed Fisher’s exact test (D), and one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc analysis (E, F). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, ns not significant. Type: DEG differentially expressed gene, IPA ingenuity pathway analysis.

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